Okay, you probably know a bit about setting up a motor and sensor to control speed and position. No, well let me quickly 'plain. You know about using a microcontroller and PWM to run the speed of a motor up and down on a wheeled bot but how far will it travel or how large is the turn if direction is the point? So you add a feedback speed senor and count pulses to get speed and direction. If you're just running around with no particular purpose, that's fine but if you talking about a drone things get more difficult to control. This is where Proportional, Integration, Derivitive (PID) controllers become important to understand.

Let's say you want to take your drone to a particular height. You run up your props until liftoff and measure the height with an altimeter sensor. You have a dynamic system at play that has natural resonance and response times not to mention parameter limits or saturation points. If prop speed gets you to altitude, what happens when you get there? The props stop! If you want to get to altitude fast, you may order props speed/voltage beyond the power supply limit of the motor system. The integration part of your PID control will overshoot and cause a massive delay in correcting control at altitude. Point being, you need to better understand PID systems to get good flying results.

To learn about PID control systems, you can explore various resources that provide comprehensive explanations, tutorials, examples, and practical applications. Here are some recommended resources:

Online Courses and Tutorials:

• Control Systems Engineering: A comprehensive course on Udemy by Tim Ross.
• Introduction to Control System Design: A course on Coursera by University of Colorado Boulder.
• PID Control for Industrial Automation: A course on Udemy by Peter Dalmaris.

Books:

• "Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems" by Gene F. Franklin, J. David Powell, and Abbas Emami-Naeini.
• "PID Controllers: Theory, Design, and Tuning" by Tore Hägglund and Karl J. Åström.
• "Industrial Control Technology" by Peng Zhang.

Websites and Online Resources:

• Control Guru (www.controlguru.com): Provides in-depth articles and resources on control system fundamentals and PID control.
• MATLAB Control Tutorials (www.ctms.engin.umich.edu/CTMS): Offers tutorials and examples for control systems usingbMATLAB.
• Wikipedia - PID Controller (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PID_controller): Provides an overview and technical details about PID control.

YouTube Channels and Videos:

• Brian Douglas - Control Systems Engineering: A YouTube channel with clear explanations and tutorials on PID control systems.
• Control Systems Lectures by nptelhrd: A series of lectures on control systems, including PID control, by the National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL) in India.

Remember to practice implementing and tuning PID controllers on real or simulated systems to reinforce your understanding. Using software like MATLAB, Simulink, or Python with control libraries can be helpful for simulation and hands-on experimentation.